![]() Draw lightning striking the tallest building in the world.Draw the Statue of Liberty eating pizza.Draw your own version of Mount Rushmore.Draw a pair of shoes made out of flowers.Draw a pencil sharpener eating something other than a pencil.Draw a Ferris wheel on top of a mountain.Draw the strangest pair of glasses you can imagine.Draw a super scary Valentine’s Day card.Draw what your imaginary friend would look like if we could see them.Draw something other than a pot of gold at the end of the rainbow.Draw a cowboy in Antarctica riding a polar bear.Draw a basketball player dunking a chicken.Draw a teacher eating a pizza while dancing.Draw an ice cream cone eating a Popsicle.Draw an apple talking to your art teacher.Draw a peanut butter and jelly sandwich on vacation.Draw a turkey leg eating a turkey sandwich.Draw a piece of asparagus snowboarding.Draw a cookie with googly eyes instead of chocolate chips.Draw a banana slipping on banana peels.Draw a squirrel roasting a marshmallow.Draw a koala bear sitting on a trash can.Draw a circus elephant standing on a ball.Draw an animal with arms for legs and legs for arms.Combine two animals to create a new one.Draw a fish swimming in something other than water.You might even find your students rushing to your room to see what silly drawing idea you’ll come up with next!ĭownload Now 100 Silly Drawing Prompts Animals These prompts are a great way to get your students warmed up for class. The key to effective bell work is to make it as engaging as possible.īelow you’ll find a list of 100 Silly Drawing Prompts. If you’re looking for more ways to get your students seated and settled, be sure to check out the Insider Secrets for Successfully Managing the Classroom PRO Learning pack! There’s an entire section devoted to successfully starting each class period. This practice serves as a way to get students involved and ready to learn in a quick, easy way.Ī drawing prompt is a great way to start class, but it’s just one option. Students come into class, take out their sketchbooks, and complete the drawing prompt as they wait for further instructions. From answering questions to writing down vocabulary words, the possibilities are endless! One engaging idea is to start each class by having students complete “The Daily Draw.” It sets the tone for a productive class.īell work can be presented in various ways. ![]() Using bell ringers is a great strategy to help settle students and save time. It’s important to have a daily routine for students to follow. The first five minutes of any art class can become chaotic quickly.
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Plus the BBC is notorious for censoring songs and not allowing them to be played on radio stations. Freddie wrote it and since he is not around, any interpretation at this point is going to be in the minds of the listeners. I had never heard this song so I wanted to read the lyrics first. I ran across an article in BuzzFeed that implies this little ditty is sexual in nature. ![]()
![]() io 2 Online is a multiplayer unblocked web 3D video game in which you have. The 3D aspect brings new mechanics to the table: now you need to be even more aware of your surroundings and think 3-dimensionally in order to best your enemies. Paper Io Online Paper Io Unblocked Game Paper io online is a brand new. Paper. Paper.io 3 play online Multiplayer Paperio 3 is addictive masterpiece of io games world. Engaging, strategic, and simple yet profound in its gameplay, Paper.io Unblocked offers an enticing journey of colors and conquest. It may take time to adjust to the new mechanics, but who knows – maybe it’s a chance to become the pro you’ve always wanted to be.Īs soon as you close the gap, the area you just circled will become yours until someone else captures it – you can prevent that by breaking their line before it’s finished. Developed and released by VOODOO in late 2016, Paper.io Unblocked is an online multiplayer game that brings the classic concept of territory capture into the digital age. There are 2 main servers in the game, USA and Europe whichever region you are close to, we recommend playing. If you liked this game try also Eggl io and Rollz io. The overall rating of Paper io 3D is 7.7. The game is added about 21 days ago and so far 131k people had played, liked 8284 times and disliked 2391 times. Unlocked and fully accessible version without lags. Yes, now you can actually experience your favorite paper battles in full 3D – watch the once flat levels come to life and become even more exciting and engaging than ever.Ĭonquering the lands and crushing your rivals in combat has never felt more real and satisfying. So we decided to go back, because you liked it very much, PaPeR io uNbLocKed play PaPeR.io 2 is one of the most popular games in the world, because this game is safe, you cant tease others in the game, the game is only designed to play. Paper.io 3D Unblocked is a multiplayer online game where you compete against other players to conquer territory. Paper io 3D can be played solo, with friends or with online players all over the world. The world of Paper.io has been changing and evolving for years, but now it’s time for a real revolution: please welcome Paper.io 3D! ![]() There is another, simpler way to do it, though. The resolution of a photo can be checked in your digital camera or professional image editing software like Photoshop. Where You Can Check the Image Resolution? By resizing, we mean changing their pixel dimensions and subsequently, decreasing their file size. If either of these is an issue you’re currently facing and eager to solve, you’ll simply need to resize photos. High-resolution images that have a large file size are often impossible or incredibly difficult to upload to social networks and websites or send by email. For example, if your image is 6000 pixels wide and 4000 pixels high, then its resolution is 6000 x 4000 pixels. But at the same time, if your image contains a lot of pixels, its file size will also be quite large in case you don’t know what a file size is, it’s the amount of bytes your file takes up in your device’s memory.įiguring out image resolution is actually quite simple. Naturally, the higher the resolution the better the quality of a photo. In the world of photography, resolution is the number of pixels an image contains. Resize Photos Onlineĭigital images produced by cameras and smartphones consist of pixels. This can make the whole process quicker and easier if you always resize your images the same way. ![]() Therefore, the next time you open the Photo Resize tool, you will see the same values and options that you entered and selected during the last resizing. For instance, if you enter 60%, the photo resizer will reduce the width and height of the original image by 40%. The " Percentage" option can come in handy if you want to reduce the size of your image not to the exact pixel dimensions, but approximately. So, its resized copy will become 2500 x 1667 pixels. The size of the original photo is 5835 x 3890px. The height of your image will be changed to 2500 pixels, while its width will be reduced to a smaller number. However, if you upload the same photo, choose " Maximum width & height", and enter 2500 for width and 2500 for height, you won’t get a rectangular image as the result. Instead, it will be placed against a blurry background. But your photo won’t be awkwardly cropped. These settings will produce a rectangular image. Let’s say, you upload the same vertical image from the previous example – its size is 5835 x 3890px – and choose " Exact width & height", then enter 2500 for width and 2500 for height. The "Exact width & height" and “Maximum width & height” may seem similar, but they work differently. The width was altered automatically to preserve the aspect ratio of your original image. After the resizing process is done, you will get the image that has the height of 2000 pixels and the width of 1333 pixels. ![]() Next, you type in “2000” into the bar below. You upload a vertical photo that’s 5835 x 3890px and choose the “Exact height” option in the Output Settings. You will have control over only one value since our photo resizer will change the size of the other side automatically.įor example. ![]() With the first two options, you have to enter the exact number of width or height in pixels. In the app’s settings, you can choose one of the 5 resizing options: "Exact width", "Exact Height", "Exact width & height", "Maximum width & height" or "Percentage". ![]() The changes in thyroid hormone levels are associated with duration and severity of the disease. Whether these changes are due to adaptive physiological mechanisms to reduce the metabolic rate during stressful circumstances or a consequence of the underlying process is still a matter of debate. About 50% NTIS patients will also present decreased TSH levels, indicating concomitant changes in the hypothalamic/pituitary regulation ( Fliers et al., 1997 Plikat et al., 2007). At early stages, serum T4 tends toward normal levels but its fall is observed in severe or end-stage cases ( Docter et al., 1993). The changes in serum thyroxine (T4) levels are more complex. As the disease progresses, additional decreases in T3 and further reductions in the T3/rT3 ratio are observed, whereas thyrotropin (TSH) levels typically remain within the normal range or slightly increased ( Kaptein et al., 1982 Mebis and Van den Berghe, 2011). The acute phase of critical illness, observed in a variety of clinical situations, is marked by low triiodothyronine (T3) and free T3 and high reverse T3 (rT3) levels. The non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS), also known as low T3 syndrome or euthyroid sick syndrome, reflects alterations in thyroid hormone levels that occur in almost every form of acute or chronic illness ( Larsen et al., 2008). Here we aim to present an updated picture of the advances in understanding the mechanisms that result in the fall of thyroid hormone levels in the acute phase of NTIS. Changes in the intracellular redox state may disrupt deiodinase function by independent mechanisms, which might include depletion of the as yet unidentified endogenous thiol cofactor. On the other hand, oxidative stress due to augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is characteristic of many diseases that are associated with NTIS. ![]() ![]() Increased inflammatory cytokines, which occurs in response to virtually any illness, has long been speculated to play a role in derangements of deiodinase expression. Over the last decades, several studies have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the changes on circulating thyroid hormones in NTIS. In contrast, type 3 deiodinase (D3) catalyzes the inactivation of both T4 and T3. The conversion of T4 to T3 is catalyzed by type 1 (D1) and type 2 (D2) deiodinases via outer-ring deiodination. The early phase seems to reflect changes occurring primarily in the peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism, best seen in humans since 80–90% of the circulating T3 are derived from the pro-hormone T4. The pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood but the acute and chronic changes in pituitary–thyroid function are probably the consequence of the action of multiple factors. Affected individuals have low T3, elevated rT3, and inappropriately normal TSH levels. The non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) refers to changes in serum thyroid hormone levels observed in critically ill patients in the absence of hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid primary dysfunction. Thyroid Section, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.There continues to be no indication for thyroid hormone therapy in the vast majority of patients with the nonthyroidal illness syndrome, although interesting data suggest a possible role for treating a small subset of patients. The mediators of these alterations are still largely unclear. ![]() Some of these changes are physiologic and some are pharmacologic. These data show that acute and chronic illness affect all aspects of thyroid hormone metabolism and action. Multiple factors lead to the development of the nonthyroidal illness syndrome, including alterations in type 1 and 3 deiodinase activity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion, hormone binding to plasma proteins, thyroid hormone transporter expression and activity, and the thyroid hormone nuclear receptor complex. Therapy of the nonthyroidal illness syndrome remains a controversial topic. New studies suggest that alterations in thyroid hormone transport into tissues and alterations of the nuclear thyroid hormone receptors may also play a role. Previous studies attributed the development of the nonthyroidal illness syndrome to alterations in three main areas of thyroid hormone metabolism: deiodinase activity, thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion, and hormone binding to serum proteins. The current state of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic implications of the nonthyroidal illness syndrome is reviewed. ![]() Ancient One Doctor Strange Kaecilius Marvel Cinematic Universe Marvel Studios, doctor strange, film, doctor Strange png 740x1080px 589.92KB.Johnny Blaze Danny Ketch Robbie Reyes Mephisto, rider, comic Book, gold png 500圆00px 500.75KB.Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds Johnny Blaze Doctor Strange Marvel: Ultimate Alliance, ghosts, orange, video Game png 1024x1024px 683.17KB Johnny Blaze YouTube, Motorcycle riding, horse, film png 811x464px 329.75KB.Johnny Blaze Ghost Rendering, Ghost, logo, web Template png 750x500px 289.02KB.Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze) Mephisto Animated film Visual Effects, Ghost, visual Effects, video png 1109x515px 717.26KB.Johnny Blaze Danny Ketch YouTube Film Marvel Comics, youtube, iron Man, logos png 640x514px 369.35KB.Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze) YouTube Drawing Film, youtube, film, art png 600x860px 225.89KB.Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze) Enfer et damnation, ghost rider, metal, clayton Crain png 800圆09px 612.19KB.Ghost Rider Johnny Blaze Blackheart, Ghost Rider Face s, comics, bird png 453x700px 310.08KB.Johnny Blaze Film Vengeance, cartoon ghost, mobile Phones, nicolas Cage png 960x1000px 604.28KB.Johnny Blaze Danny Ketch Drawing Ghost Sketch, Ghostrider, comics, fictional Character png 600x994px 444.45KB.Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze) YouTube Drawing Fan art, ghost rider, art, music png 1000x1500px 645.92KB.Johnny Blaze Danny Ketch Roxanne Simpson Ghost Vengeance, American Skull, comics, superhero png 480x720px 458.47KB.Movie Icon Mega 1, Ghost Rider, Spirit of Vengeance, png 512x512px 389.97KB.Johnny Blaze Roxanne Simpson Blackheart Marvel Comics, Ghost, template, comics png 815x960px 786.56KB.Johnny Blaze Ghost Phantom Rider Marvel Comics, joias, disc Jockey, graphic Design png 495x555px 301.37KB.Johnny Blaze Mephisto Hollywood Film Neveldine & Taylor, gmp, fictional Character, film png 938x1600px 2.88MB.Johnny Blaze Hulk Daredevil Elektra Ghost, magic, comics, superhero png 782x750px 576.12KB.Spider-Man Ghost Rider 2099 Johnny Blaze Marvel Comics, Hell Knight and flame chainsaw, comics, superhero png 600x825px 428.14KB.Ghost Rider Johnny Blaze Film, Ghost Rider Face, film, flame png 900x507px 440.28KB.Johnny Blaze Danny Ketch Animation Visual Effects, ghost rider, film, rendering png 1109x515px 645.26KB. ![]() Johnny Blaze Ghost Rider: Road to Damnation Marvel Comics, Calaveras, comics, comic Book png 478x718px 657.11KB.Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance Johnny Blaze Nicolas Cage Roxanne Simpson Hollywood, Ghost, film, action Film png 512x512px 389.97KB.Johnny Blaze Robbie Reyes YouTube, ghost rider, film, movies png 1000圆30px 322.16KB.Johnny Blaze Danny Ketch Mephisto Hulk Punisher, Hulk, fictional Character, wolverine png 666x1199px 529.26KB.Ghost Rider, Johnny Blaze Marvel Heroes 2016 Iceman Hulk Danny Ketch, ghost rider, comics, superhero png 908x960px 770.94KB.Johnny Blaze Danny Ketch Mephisto Ghost Logo, rider, motorcycle, transport png 900x900px 378.28KB.Ghost Rider Johnny Blaze Marvel Comics, ghost rider, fictional Character, youtube png 700x525px 384.52KB.Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze) Vision Motorcycle Clint Barton, motos, bicycle, film png 800x533px 363.43KB.Johnny Blaze Marvel Puzzle Quest Deadpool Motorcycle Helmets Marvel Comics, rider, motorcycle, fictional Character png 1759x2028px 3.35MB.Johnny Blaze Drawing Ghost Superhero, ghost rider, comics, comic Book png 512x512px 382.83KB.Ghost Rider illustration, Marvel Heroes 2016 Ghost Rider Black Panther Johnny Blaze Clint Barton, Ghost Rider Bike File, orange, fictional Character png 1024x1024px 582.43KB.Ghost Rider 2, Ghost Rider Johnny Blaze Mephisto, Ghost Rider Face, comics, image File Formats png 672x757px 662.28KB.Marvel Ghost Rider, Johnny Blaze Ghost Comic book Comics Vengeance, Ghost, comics, superhero png 600x900px 751.05KB.Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze) Marvel: Avengers Alliance Danny Ketch Comics, Ghost, superhero, comic Book png 815x980px 699.8KB.Nicolas Cage Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance Film director YouTube, youtube, face, head png 890x1105px 1.47MB. You can import the audio to the iPhone ringtone maker app from other social media apps, or from the computer via online services for further ringtone making. The free ringtone maker app for iPhone offers lots of ringtones, including funny ringtone, the latest ringtone, SMS ringtone, and more. Top 4 iPhone Ringtone Maker App - Ringtones Maker Click Save & Import to convert the audio/video to iPhone ringtone and import it to your current device. ![]() Also, you can optionally enable Fade In and Fade Out. Set start time and end time of the ringtone. Click Choose to upload the video or audio you like to make as iPhone ringtone. Navigate to Toolkit and enable Ringtone Maker. Launch it and connect your iPhone to computer with USB. Download and install Syncios Free edition. How to make custom ringtone for iPhone with Syncios Free? The iPhone ringtone maker software also enables users to convert audio files to MP3, AAC, M4A, and other commonly used audio formats. It changes music to ringtone for iPhone and import to iPhone directly. Just like WinX MediaTrans, it mainly works as an iOS file manager, but also comes with the feature of making iPhone ringtone. Then, we come to the third top free iPhone (15) ringtone maker - Syncios Free. Top 3 iPhone Ringtone Maker - Syncios Free Tip: This free iPhone ringtone maker is bundled with advertisement. Hit Export button, choose output path, and begin transferring to target place. Choose desired part, length, volume, add special effects and fade-in/fade-out. Click Import button to upload a video or audio file which you want to make as iPhone ringtone. Then double click on the exe file to run it. How to create iPhone ringtone using iRinger? Besides, this free iPhone ringtone maker prepares special effects for you. You can import videos or audios located in computer, from, and from audio CD. It is able to create free ringtones from any video or music files. Anyway, it is a good choice when you need a free iPhone ringtone maker for Windows PC. Therefore, its user interface isn't as modern as WinX MediaTrans. However, it hasn't been updated for the recent years. Different from the first one, it has been released for several years. ![]() The second free iPhone ringtone maker is iRinger. Hot article: How can I convert MP3 to M4R as iPhone ringtone for free? Top 2 iPhone Ringtone Maker - iRinger Tip: To make your current song as the ringtone, just go to Music Manager module, move your mouse to target song, and click on Make Ringtone button to begin ringtone making. In the end, hit Sync button at the bottom to make it available in your iPhone. Then, click OK to exit ringtone making interface. Click Make Ringtone beside the music title, and drag the timeline to choose which part you like. Click on Ringtone tab in the left column, and then hit Add Ringtone in the top bar to upload a piece of music from PC. Click on Voice & Ringtone module located in the main UI. Launch this tool, and connect your iPhone with PC via a USB cable. Free download this iPhone ringtone maker in your PC, and then install it following the wizard. ![]() How to make free iPhone ringtone using WinX MediaTrans? ![]() Each pillow includes an insert and invisible zipper. The leopard bolster pillow-well-known for its ability to provide arm and back support-is 21-inches wide and 7-inches tall and sold in all aforementioned colors. The leopard sphere, which is typically used for decorative purposes, is available in the same colors as the lumbar and measures 12-inches wide by 12-inches high. This mostly cotton pillow is available in pink sand, orange koi, Orion blue, castle gray and natural leopard colors: ivory, gold and black. The leopard lumbar pillow-best used for decoration or to support the small of the back-is 22-inches wide by 14-inches in height. The Scalamandre leopard pillow collection is a more subdued nod to animal prints, perfect for adding elegant yet contemporary accents to any room. For example, Scalamandre leopard pillows come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors. ![]() Some spaces require a touch of flair and drama, and Scalamandre is the perfect go-to. Design Concepts has the luxury Scalamandre throw pillows to create a dazzling seating area. No matter the shape, color or motif your living space demands, L.A. Design Concepts offers Scalamandre pillows in all shapes and sizes, from the traditional 20 x 20 or 22 x 22-inch squares, to rectangular lumbar pillows, to spherical pillows and bolsters. Browse more than 20 design options including abstract, animal skin, botanical, chevron, diamond, dots, graphic, ombre, paisley, solid, scenic, striped, texture and many more. Use various designs to create contrast between the sofa and pillows, match your bedroom theme, or create a cozy nook with plush decorative pillows. From House of Scalamandré’s throw pillow collection, choose from embroideries, Jacquards, leathers, faux leathers, plains, textures, printed fabrics, silk and velvet pillows. This heritage brand has curated a selection of custom-designed throw pillows in a variety of fabrics, designs and colors. Design Concepts’ clients recieve free shipping on any Scalamandre pillow orders over $200. ![]() In addition to a wide-ranging collection and unbeatable prices, L.A. Our diverse selection includes over 200 styles, including popular pillow designs such as the classic Scalamandre Zebras Pillow, the Le Tigre Pillow, as well as a variety of outdoor pillows-all from one of the most established brands in designer accessories. Shop the complete line of Scalamandre pillows, now available at L.A. ![]() In the closing seconds of Game 5 of the 2021 NBA Finals, the Bucks were clinging to a one-point lead when Devin Booker drove into the paint and got stripped by Jrue Holiday. Here are some key takeaways from the 2021 NBA Finals rematch: Holiday haunts Booker again With the defeat, they are now in a dead heat with the Los Angeles Clippers for the No. ![]() They were limited to just five points over the final five minutes, a problem that Durant's shotmaking likely would have solved. The Suns are hopeful that this will be their final game without Durant, who is still working his way back from an MCL sprain. The Bucks also got 22 points and 13 rebounds from Brook Lopez, while Jae Crowder stepped up with some big shots down the stretch against his former team. ![]() He came up with a clutch steal in the closing seconds to preserve the win, and finished with a game-high 33 points, four rebounds and five assists. Jrue Holiday led the way for the Bucks on both ends of the floor. But despite their absences, the two teams still collaborated on a thriller, which the Bucks won, 104-101, to extend their winning streak to 14 games. I do think he has more balance too, don't think there's another player in the league capable of thisīut like I said, I don't know how accurate of a comparison one person can make.MILWAUKEE - The Sunday afternoon showdown between the Milwaukee Bucks and Phoenix Suns lost a little luster when it was announced that neither Giannis Antetokounmpo (quad) nor Kevin Durant (knee) would be suiting up. I just watched the Celtics vs Bucks games, and it just looked to me like Jrue was quicker, but my eyes could deceive me so form you own opinion there. I think quickness is another one, but you can either disagree or agree with me there, it doesn't matter. Maybe a small difference, but just by looking you can also see that he has a lot more mass in the lower body. There's also the weight differene, he's heavier than Smart (dunno the relevancy now, but Smart was measured in at 223 pounds in 2017, you can confirm that as a Celtics fan, Jrue was weighed 229 pounds during the Olympics). He's one of, if not, the best post up PG in the league, overpowering every guard. I'd say his offense is an even stronger indicator of strength in that case. You could look on defense where Vucevic has an easier time moving Brook Lopez than he does Jrue Holiday in the post (lmfao), but Smart also has moments like that so its not the best support. Give Smart his damn respect alreadyįor one, I think he's definitely stronger. Both are elite defenders, but one player lead his team to the best defense in the NBA while the other didn’t come close despite having a former DPOY in Giannis on his team. Because honestly who has the time to scout the defense of two point guards on different teams unless you are getting paid for it. And im just gonna go ahead and say nobody on this damn forum has watched enough film to compare the two. Realistically i think this is a nearly unanswerable question as both players are used different, both teams play different styles of defense and both guys make their impact felt in different ways. And we know this because some reddit users looked up a few advanced stats that they couldnt explain and watched maybe 2 or 3 Celtics games and saw Jrue in the finals last year and boom its just a foregone conclusion. ![]() Probably the one that just won DPOY… people do anything to discredit someones success lol, now Smarts not even the best defender on his team let alone the best guard. New Post Game Thread Nikola Jokic dominates the 2023 NBA Finals and earns Finals MVP, averaging 30.2/14/7.2 for the series and the Denver Nuggets are NBA Champions! Top Team Subreddit Postsġ Thunderbird inspired logo redesign and city jersey from a graphic design project I did for school.ģ NBA media wants Trae in LA so badly they’re trying to talk it into happening.Ĥ Mikal Bridges had the whole Team USA bench doing his celebrationĥ An NBA executive says teams weren’t lining up for Damian Lillard before his agent requested only Miami. ![]() footnote 9 Regional studies of conceptual practices have since proliferated, with some attempts to return to more determinate analyses of the artistic landscape, seeking to qualify-rather than deny-the clear dominance of the hegemonic centres. footnote 8 Okwui Enwezor denied the existence of anything like a Conceptual movement in 1970s Africa, citing a few ‘isolated’ and ‘scattered’ examples. In relation to 1960s–70s India, Apinan Poshyananda explained that anti-American sentiment had brought resistance to Pop and Conceptual Art and, citing Siva Kuma, that experimentation had been inhibited by entrenched colonial pedagogy. In its drive for inclusivity, the exhibition stretched the definition of Conceptualism to the verge of indeterminacy, and the regional accounts in its own catalogue were sometimes in tension with the unifying idea. ![]() footnote 6 The unifying idea was that Conceptualism had spontaneously proliferated worldwide in two waves-1950–73 (in the us, Japan, Western and Eastern Europe, Latin America, Canada, Australia), and 1973–89 (in the Soviet Union, South Korea, China, Africa)-as a set of strategic responses to the socio-political effects of the consolidating global economy. footnote 5 The landmark 1999–2000 exhibition Global Conceptualism: Points of Origin, 1950s– 1980s was decisive in extending this story, inviting eleven international curator-essayists to formulate accounts of their respective regions. Ramírez became a core reference for inscriptions into an emerging narrative of global conceptualisms, cementing an image of Latin America as radical other to the us’s formalism. In a series of articles and exhibitions-mostly on us soil-Mari Carmen Ramírez presented Latin America as the exemplar of Conceptualism’s global character. Then in the early 1990s, as a lucrative Neo-Conceptual movement consolidated its position in an expanding global art market, Conceptualism was proclaimed the first global art form. footnote 3 From the late 1970s, German art historian and critic Benjamin Buchloh effectively defined Conceptualism as proper to the European and American hegemonic centres, though Siegelaub disputed Buchloh’s emphasis on Manhattan. Yet for Luis Camnitzer, a Uruguayan artist working in New York at the time, such claims obscured the exportation of ‘contemporary colonial art’. footnote 2 Dominant figures in the United States, such as Lucy Lippard, Seth Siegelaub and Joseph Kosuth, presented it as fully international, as facilitating global connectivity and artistic reach. The issue of its geographical mapping is linked to that of the determinate bounds of artworks and practices-something often explicitly thematized in conceptual works themselves-and a conscious orientation to this question was evident within the movement by the late 1960s, when tensions emerged over whether it constituted an American or an international phenomenon, a reductive formalism or a radically inclusive ‘free-for-all’. ![]() While the meaning of this term continues to trouble artists and critics, a normative imperative to ‘think global’ has come to structure the practices of art institutions, framing the endless drive for recognition of new artists and regions, as biennales and art fairs proliferate.Ĭonceptualism has always had a special relationship to the question of the global. footnote 1 The term ‘global art’ took hold as the Cold War drew to a close, through years when broader discourses of globalization also came to flourish. Yet inside, Martha Rosler warned that the new fetish of the global threatened to obfuscate the material shape of the art world-its circuits of communication, distribution and exchange-where a capitalist restructuring was in process. I n 1989 a special edition of Art in America announced the arrival of global art, its cover adorned with a nasa photograph of the Earth taken from lunar orbit. |
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